Losing a tooth — whether through decay, gum disease, or an accident — can affect far more than just your appearance. It can make eating uncomfortable, alter the way you speak, and over time cause the surrounding teeth to shift into the gap. One of the most established and effective ways to address a missing tooth is with a dental bridge, a fixed prosthetic that literally bridges the space left behind. Dental bridges have been used in dentistry for generations and remain a popular choice because they are durable, natural-looking, and do not require surgery.
Understanding exactly what a dental bridge is, how it is constructed, and what the treatment process involves helps you make an informed decision about your care. This guide walks you through everything you need to know.
The Basic Structure of a Dental Bridge
A dental bridge consists of two main components: abutment crowns and a pontic. The abutment crowns are caps that are placed over the natural teeth on either side of the gap — these are called the abutment teeth. The pontic is the artificial tooth (or teeth) that fills the space in between. The crowns and pontic are fused together into a single unit, which is then cemented permanently onto the prepared abutment teeth.
The result is a fixed, stable restoration that looks and functions like natural teeth. Because it is cemented in place, a bridge does not come in and out like a denture — it stays firmly in your mouth and is cared for just like your natural teeth.
Types of Dental Bridge
Not all bridges are the same. The right type for you will depend on the location of the missing tooth, the condition of the surrounding teeth, and your dentist’s clinical judgement. The main types are:
Traditional (Conventional) Bridge
This is the most common type. It involves placing crowns on both the teeth adjacent to the gap and suspending a pontic between them. Traditional bridges are highly durable and are suitable when the neighbouring teeth are strong and healthy.
Cantilever Bridge
A cantilever bridge is supported by only one abutment tooth rather than two. It is typically used when there is only one natural tooth next to the gap. Because it relies on a single anchor point, cantilever bridges are generally less suitable for high-pressure areas such as the back molars.
Resin-Bonded (Maryland) Bridge
Also known as an adhesive bridge, this type uses metal or porcelain wings that are bonded to the backs of the adjacent teeth rather than full crowns. It requires minimal preparation of the neighbouring teeth, making it a more conservative option. It is commonly used for front teeth where biting forces are lower.
Implant-Supported Bridge
In cases where multiple adjacent teeth are missing, or where the neighbouring teeth are not strong enough to support a conventional bridge, a bridge can be anchored to dental implants instead. Implant-supported bridges are extremely stable but involve a surgical procedure to place the implants first.
What Materials Are Used?
Dental bridges can be made from a variety of materials, each with its own properties and aesthetic qualities:
- Porcelain fused to metal (PFM): A metal substructure is covered with a layer of tooth-coloured porcelain. This combination provides strength alongside a natural appearance and has been used widely for decades.
- All-ceramic or all-porcelain: These bridges offer the best aesthetic result, closely matching the colour and translucency of natural teeth. They are particularly well-suited to front teeth.
- Zirconia: A newer ceramic material known for exceptional strength and a natural appearance. Zirconia bridges are increasingly popular for both front and back teeth.
- Metal alloys: Bridges made entirely from metal (such as gold or silver-coloured alloys) are extremely strong and resistant to wear, though they are less aesthetically pleasing and are typically used in less visible areas.
The Bridge Procedure: What to Expect
Getting a dental bridge generally takes place over two or more appointments, usually spaced about two weeks apart.
First Appointment: Preparation
At your first appointment, the dentist will administer a local anaesthetic to numb the area. The abutment teeth are then reshaped by filing down a small amount of enamel to create space for the crowns that will hold the bridge. Once the teeth are prepared, a detailed impression is taken of the area — this impression is sent to a dental laboratory where your bridge will be crafted to fit your mouth precisely. A temporary bridge is usually fitted at this stage to protect the prepared teeth while you wait.
Waiting Period
The dental laboratory typically takes around two weeks to fabricate the permanent bridge. During this time, you will wear your temporary bridge, which is not as strong as the final restoration but protects your teeth and allows you to eat and speak normally.
Second Appointment: Fitting
At the second appointment, the temporary bridge is removed and the permanent bridge is tried in. Your dentist will check the fit, appearance, and bite carefully before cementing it into place. Small adjustments may be made to ensure comfort and correct alignment. Once you and your dentist are satisfied, the bridge is permanently fixed.
Why Does a Missing Tooth Need to Be Replaced?
Some people wonder whether it is really necessary to replace a missing tooth, especially if it is not visible. The answer, in most cases, is yes. When a tooth is lost, the bone underneath begins to resorb — the body gradually reabsorbs the bone tissue because there is no longer a root stimulating it. This can change the shape of the jaw over time.
Additionally, the teeth on either side of the gap tend to drift into the space, and the opposing tooth (the one above or below the gap) may over-erupt, growing further out of the gum. These changes can lead to bite problems, difficulty cleaning your teeth properly, and increased risk of decay and gum disease. The NHS dental treatment guidance acknowledges that gaps from missing teeth can cause neighbouring teeth to grow into the space at an angle, creating further complications. You can read more about tooth replacement options on the NHS dental treatments page.
Dental Bridge vs Other Tooth Replacement Options
| Feature | Dental Bridge | Dental Implant | Partial Denture |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fixed or removable | Fixed (permanent) | Fixed (permanent) | Removable |
| Surgery required | No | Yes | No |
| Adjacent teeth affected | Yes (prepared for crowns) | No | Minimal |
| Typical lifespan | 10–15 years | 15+ years | 5–10 years |
| NHS availability (Scotland) | Often available | Limited | Usually available |
| Treatment time | 2–3 weeks | Several months | 2–4 weeks |
How Long Does a Dental Bridge Last?
With proper care and good oral hygiene, a well-made dental bridge can last ten years or more. Some bridges remain in excellent condition for fifteen years or longer. The lifespan depends on the type of bridge, the material used, the health of the abutment teeth, and most importantly, how well you care for it at home and whether you attend regular dental check-ups.
Caring for Your Bridge
A bridge requires the same level of care as natural teeth. Brushing twice daily with a fluoride toothpaste and cleaning underneath the pontic (the artificial tooth section) using floss threaders or interdental brushes are essential habits. Because the pontic sits above the gum rather than being rooted in it, food and plaque can accumulate underneath, making this area particularly important to keep clean.
Is a Dental Bridge Right for You?
A dental bridge is an excellent solution for many people with one or more missing teeth. It is particularly well-suited to those who want a fixed, long-lasting restoration without the need for surgery. To be a good candidate, you generally need healthy abutment teeth with sufficient strength to support the bridge, and healthy gums.
Your dentist will assess your individual circumstances — including the position and number of missing teeth, the condition of surrounding teeth, and your bone health — before recommending the most appropriate option for you.
At Tarbert Dental Surgery, our team is experienced in fitting dental bridges and would be happy to discuss whether this treatment is right for you. If you have a missing tooth and would like to explore your options, please get in touch with us on 01880 820 387 to arrange a consultation. We are here to help you restore your smile with confidence.